A2 LESSON 5: TELLING STORIES. COMBINAMOS PAST SIMPLE Y PAST CONTINUOUS

     OBSERVA LAS VIÑETAS Y RELATA EN PASADO LO QUE SUCEDE.

USA LAS PREGUNTAS QUE SIGUEN PARA GUIARTE.

1. What was the thief doing when the policeman arrived?

2. What was the woman doing when it started to rain?

3. What was the waiter doing when the dog bit him?

4. What was the nurse doing when the accident happened?

5. What was the man doing when he found the valuable vase?

6. What was the sentry doing when the sergeant major arrived?

7. What was the woman doing when the UFO landed?

8. What was the couple doing when the baby started to cry?

STORYTELLING

Contar historias es algo siempre muy divertido. Contar cosas divertidas, interesantes, de miedo o extrañas suele ser el mejor momento para expresar nuestras emociones y sentimientos en distintas ocasiones. Saber contar bien una historia nos hace personas más convincentes.

Watch the following link:

HOW TO TELL GOOD STORIES

Cuando contamos una historia en inglés debemos tener en cuenta tres preguntas fundamentales:

WHO?

WHEN?

WHERE?

WHAT?

Debemos comenzar nuestra historia dando esta información básica. 

For example:

It was summer. I was with some friends in the park. We wanted to spend an afternoon together after so many months of confinement.

Que sea SIMPLE. Luego podemos agregar  detalles para dar más información. Entonces nos hacemos otras preguntas para poder desarrollar ideas.

Who were your friends?

What was the place like?

Were there other people?

Anna had her mother in hospital and she was not feeling well. She was very worried. Susan and I just wanted to have some fresh air.

Podemos enfocarnos en el lugar del hecho, las personas, los que hicimos etc.

Piensa en el sentido de contar la historia y en la tensión que puedes aumentar para hacerla más atractiva. Dar tensión a la historia resulta más atractiva a quien la escucha.

Veamos cortos de Charles Chaplin en mi página web para contar  historias.

Te espero en YOU and I

---------------------------------END OF LESSON 5  -----------------------

A2 LESSON 4: RELATAR HECHOS DEL PASADO

 

OTRO PASADO PARA CONTAR HISTORIAS…

PAST CONTINUOUS

 El Pasado Continuo, es un tiempo verbal que describe acciones que estaban siendo realizadas en un momento del pasado al que se hace referencia.

 EXAMPLE

- Yesterday he was studying English. Ayer él estaba estudiando inglés.

            . John was playing tennis at 10 a.m. John estuvo/estaba jugando tenis a las 10 a.m.

 FORM

El Pasado Continuo se construye con el verbo auxiliar “TO BE” en su forma pasada y el verbo principal en infinitivo con la terminación – ING.

OBSERVA que la forma negativa se construye colocando la partícula NOT después del verbo TO BE.

Puede usarse también la forma contraída WASN’T o WEREN’T.

PRACTICE

A- WRITE QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS IN THE PAST CONTINUOUS. ANSWER YES (Y) OR NO (N)

 1 you / listen to / your MP3 player last night ? (Y)

_______________________________________

2 they / have / lunch with their cousins last Sunday ? (N)

_______________________________________

3 Tina / play / computer games at the weekend ? (N)

_______________________________________

4 Mark / study / history yesterday afternoon ? (Y)

_______________________________________

5 Sara and Eva / sing / karaoke yesterday ? (Y)

_______________________________________

 B- COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE PAST CONTINUOUS FORM OF THE VERBS

not wash- tidy- not wait- visit- write

 1 You _____________________________ your room.

2 Rick and Julia _____________________ their grandparents.

3 Mr Miller _______________________________ his car.

4 My sister _______________________________ an email.

5 We _________________________________ at the bus station.

READING COMPREHENSION- LECTURA COMPRENSIVA

Role of Women in Society

With the changes in time the role of women in society has acquired new dimensions. This article takes a look at some of the important women in history and the issues that challenge the women of 21st century.

Traditionally, chauvinists have always looked upon women as inferior to men. In the past, the norm was that men worked and women stayed at home and raised the kids, did the household chores, etc.

Women did not have access to education, and the role of women in marriage was insignificant, with parents selecting a groom for them. Altogether, the role of women in society was to make sure that they were obedient wives and caring mothers. They did not have an individuality of their own.

Women had to fight for the basic right to vote. In the year 1918, they got this right but there was still a disparity between men and women. This kind of gender discrimination was very common in those times. Women started working in factories in the 19^th century, but the working conditions were deplorable. They had to work for long hours and were given a poor pay.

With time, a lot of people fought for women's rights and today a lot of changes have taken place, but we still cannot say that gender inequality does not exist.

In Politics

Politics was always a men's game, dirty and not fair for the weaker sex. However, many women made history:

-      Golda Meir was the prime minister of Israel from 1969 to 1974.

-      Isabel Martinez de Perón became the President of Argentina upon her husband's death and was in office for two years.

-      Margaret Thatcher became the prime minister of Britain in 1979, and remained in the office for three consecutive terms.

In Education

Besides politics, women have also played a major part in the education sector. They  proved that they are in no ways lesser than men in getting higher education.

There was a time in early 18th century when women were told to withdraw from certain courses so that more men could be elected. But, the immense contribution women made to science and literature really shook the world.

 

ACTIVITIES about  the Reading

 

1. Mark IN GREEN all the regular verbs in the past.
2. Mark IN RED all the irregular verbs in the past.

 ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE (T) OR FALSE (F)

 

1. Chauvinists are men who think women are superior …………..
2. In the past, women did not have access to education and could not choose their husband. ……………….
3. Their most important role wasn´t at home and taking care of their children. ………………
4. Now we can say gender discrimination does not exist. ………………..
5. Women have worked very well in many fields of knowledge. …………

 

FIND OUT ABOUT WOMEN WHO MADE HISTORY WITH THEIR LIVES.

1. Say HER NAME.
2. Where was she from?
3. What did she do?
4. How did she fight resistance?
5. How do we reckon her now?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

--------------------------------END OF LESSON 4 ----------------------------

 

A2 LESSON 3: LET`S TALK ABOUT PAST EVENTS- HABLEMOS DEL PASADO

 

PARA REFERIRNOS A HECHOS PASADOS EN INGLÉS USAMOS EL SIMPLE PAST.

SIMPLE PAST (PAST SIMPLE) Pasado Simple

El pasado simple expresa una acción ocurrida en un momento específico del pasado.

EJEMPLO:

She watched TV all night. ( Ella vió TV anoche.)

We washed the dishes.

I painted my house.

The children ate pizza.

You got up late

Existen dos tipos de verbos para expresar el pasado en inglés: VERBOS REGULARES y VERBOS IRREGULARES.

 FORMAS DEL  PASADO SIMPLE. Observa el siguiente cuadro:

Verbo base	Positivo	Negativo	Pregunta
(1) -  watch (mirar)	I watched	I did not watch.	Did I watch?
Verbo base	Positivo	Negativo	Pregunta
(2)- speak (hablar)	I spoke.	I did not speak.	Did I speak?

El (1) es un verbo REGULAR. Para formar el pasado en los verbos regulares se agrega la terminación –ED a la forma base del verbo.

Ejemplos:

1- ESCRIBE EL PASADO DE LOS SIGUIENTES VERBOS REGULARES:

Play ……………….        Work ………………….

Wash ………………….. Walk …………………

 

2- ESCRIBE LOS PASADOS DE ESTOS VERBOS IRREGULARES

(VER LISTA)

Get up-

Eat

Be

Take

3- ESCRIBE EN INGLÈS LAS SIGUIENTES ORACIONES

1.    Él visitó a sus padres cada fin de semana.

2.    Ella entró y se sentó.

3.    Yo estaba en casa y el teléfono sonó de repente.

4- ¿Qué  palabras me señalan el  PASADO SIMPLE?

Yesterday- two minutes ago- in 1990- the other day. Last Friday-.

UN VERBO ESPECIAL : PASADO SIMPLE DEL VERBO TO BE

El verbo TO BE tiene dos formas para el pasado WAS y WERE. WAS se usa con I. HE –SHE and IT.

WERE se usa con YOU-WE-THEY.

En la forma negativa se escribe WASN´T/ WEREN´T

AHORA  VEAMOS ALGUNOS EJERCICIOS

a-Complete the sentences with WAS or WERE.

 

1. In 2009 I________ in Mexico.
2. We _______ very happy yesterday because it ________ our birthday.
3. I can’t find my books. They ________ in my bag yesterday.
4. My grandfather _____________ a pianist and he __________ famous.
5. Sorry, my bus__________ very late this morning.

 b- Write questions in the correct order. Then write answers with information about you.

1- you/when/born/were?

2- with/who/you/were/at the weekend?

3- on Sunday/you/at work/were?

4- were/you/in January/Where/last year

C - Write affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences.

 

  a- Deborah/buy/that lovely dress (-)

  b- we/wait/half an hour for our train. (?)

  c- Phil/study hard/ for his English test (-)

  d- Andy/ feel sick/so he/go/home (+)

  e- Rich/ learn/ to play any musical instrument (?)

  f- Sarah/come/to work this morning (+)

f- WATCH THIS LINK

e- AHORA ESCRIBE SOBRE TU FIN DE SEMANA.

 WHAT DID YOU DO LAST WEEKEND? WHAT DIDN`T YOU DO?

……………………………………………………………………………...............

……………………………………………………………………………...............

---------------------------------END OF LESSON 3-----------------------

A2 LESSON 2: COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES OF ADJECTIVES

EL ADJETIVO- THE ADJECTIVE. Comparative and superlative forms

 Un adjetivo es una palabra que acompaña y modifica a un sustantivo. Puede ampliar, complementar o cuantificar su tamaño. Son palabras que nombran o indican cualidades, rasgos y propiedades de los nombres o sustantivos a los que acompañan.

Ejemplos:

the tall man (el hombre alto)

 happy child (un niño contento)

 dark street (una calle oscura)

 LUGAR DEL ADJETIVO EN LA ORACIÓN

El adjetivo casi siempre se sitúa antes del nombre, Aunque en algunos casos, depende del verbo, y entonces el adjetivo se sitúa detrás del verbo.

GRADOS DEL ADJETIVO: POSITIVO, COMPARATIVO Y SUPERLATIVO

Existen TRES grados de comparación del adjetivo:

1- De IGUALDAD

Se forma con la estructura AS...AS, o  NOT AS...AS, .

Mary is as tall as Peter. Mary es tan alta como Peter.

Mary is not as tall as Peter. Mary no es tan alta como Peter.

2- GRADO COMPARATIVO Y  3- GRADO SUPERLATIVO DE ADJETIVOS

1.    Para adjetivos MONOSILÁBICOS (de una sola sílaba) les agregaremos las terminaciones ER y EST para formar el comparativo y superlativo respectivamente:

POSITIVO	COMPARATIVO	SUPERLATIVO
short (corto)	ShortER THAN (más corto que)	THE shortEST (el más corto)
long (largo)	LongER THAN (más largo que)	THE longEST (el más largo)
fast (rápido)	FastER THAN  (más rápido que)	THE fastEST (el más rápido)

 2- Si el adjetivo consta de dos o más sílabas colocaremos adelante las palabras MORE y MOST, como vemos a continuación:

POSITIVO	COMPARATIVO	SUPERLATIVO
modern (moderno)	MORE modern THAN (más moderno que)	THE MOST modern (el más moderno)
serious (serio)	MORE serious THAN (más serio que)	THE MOST serious (el más serio)
expensive (costoso)	MORE expensive THAN (más costoso que)	THE MOST expensive (el más costoso)

3. Si el adjetivo finaliza en consonante seguida de la letra y, entonces cambiaremos la y por i y también agregaremos las terminaciones ER y EST:

POSITIVO	COMPARATIVO	SUPERLATIVO
busy (ocupado)	Busier THAN (más ocupado que)	the busIEST (el más ocupado)
funny (divertido)	FunnIER THAN (más divertido que)	THE funnIEST (el más divertido)
easy (fácil)	EasIER THAN (más fácil que)	THE easIEST (el más fácil)

4. También existen FORMAS IRREGULARES que, como su nombre lo indica, componen su grado comparativo y superlativo con palabras diferentes al grado positivo:

POSITIVO	COMPARATIVO	SUPERLATIVO
good (bueno)	Better than (más bueno que)	the best (el más bueno)
bad (malo)	Worse than  (más malo que)	the worst (el más malo)

EXERCISES

.  Complete the sentences. Use the COMPARATIVE of  SHORT ADJECTIVES.

 1. Tokyo is……………  than Shanghai.  (large)

2. Europe is …………….. than South America.  (small)

3. The Amazon river is………………..  than the Mississipi river.  (long)

4. Antarctica is …………………. than Africa.  (cold)

5. The Caspian sea is ………………. than lake Michigan.  (deep)

   2.  Complete the sentences. Use the COMPARATIVE  of LONG ADJECTIVES.

 1.    Gold is  ………………..than silver.  (expensive)

2.  Reality TV programmes are …………………….. than chat shows.  (interesting)

 3.  Science is difficult but Maths is ……………………..  (difficult)

4.  I think that Halle Berry is …………………………. than Sharon Stone.  (beautiful)

5. Tigers are ……………………………. than crocodiles.  (dangerous)

1.  Complete the sentences. Use the SUPERLATIVE of SHORT ADJECTIVES.

 1. Antarctica is the ……………….. place on Earth.  (cold)

2. Vatican City is the ………………………….. country in the world.  (small)

3. The Atacama desert, in Chile, is the………………..  place in the world.  (dry)

4. Mount Everest is the…………………..  mountain on Earth.  (tall)

5. The Nile river, in Egypt, is the  ………………………..river in the world.  (long)

Complete the sentences. Use the SUPERLATIVE of LONG ADJECTIVES.

 1.    Bears are the ………………………………… animals.  (dangerous)

2.   Rio de Janeiro is one of the…………………….  cities in the world.  (beautiful)

3.   The Bugatti Veyron is the  ………………and…………….  car.   (powerful)  (expensive)

4.    American Idol is the  …………………………………….TV show in America.  (popular)

5.    Bungee jump is one of the …………………….. adventure sports.  (exciting).

 

AHORA COMPLETA EL SIGUIENTE CUADRO A TIPO DE RESUMEN

                                   EQUALITY ADJECTIVES     ………   ................

	COMPARATIVE- SUPERLATIVE
	SHORT ADJECTIVES            ………...          …………….
	LONG ADJECTIVES           …………….          ...............

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

USA ESTOS ADJETIVOS PARA OPINAR SOBRE LAS TIC COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES.

 

MODERN- CHEAP- PRACTICAL- BIG- EXPENSIVE- NOISY- HEAVY- LIGHT- POPULAR- GOOD

 

COMPARA CADA PAR DE LOS SIGUIENTES MEDIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN. ESCRIBE UNA ORACIÓN COMPARATIVA Y UNA SUPERLATIVA

 

1-    Computer/ mobile phone

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

2-    Television/ computer

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

3-    Mobile telephone/ I-phone

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

4-    Google tools/ Youtube

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

5-    Skype/ Google meet

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6-    Twitter/ what´s app

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

7-    Youtube/ Netflix

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

b-   WHICH  IS YOUR FAVOURITE  ELECTRONIC GADGET? WHY?

 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

----------------------------END OF LESSON 2-------------------------